Causes And Effects Of Global Financial Crisis Economics Essay

Circumstances and end results Of Global Financial Crisis Economics Essay Monetary emergency is characterized as a circumstance described by serious interruptions in the estimation of money related organizations resources, their entrance to subsidizing or their customers trust, to the point of jeopardizing the budgetary frameworks manageability (Argandona 2009). This article will talk about the different likely reasons for Global monetary emergency and the preventive estimates that the UK government could take to stay away from or lessen the dangers of another emergency. Worldwide monetary emergency of 2008 came about because of some major and bothersome changes that occurred in the proficient utilization of assets in America (Davis 2009, p. 1). As per Davis (2009), a few changes that could be handily seen were breakdown of data innovation and the consistently expanding globalization over the world. He has talked about in his article, the outcomes of development of Post Industrial Society in US which prompted an expansion in joblessness as the biggest busi nesses moved from assembling associations to support industry which later contributed as a reason for credit crunch. The exposition will initially put the potential makes that drove the downturn in the monetary situation of the different economies over the world lastly it will discuss the techniques that UK government can embrace to keep itself from the perils of next budgetary emergency. The exposition reasons that while a few nations were to a great extent influenced by the effect of emergency in 2008, there stay hardly any nations that figured out how to defeat the stun and endure in light of their strategies and the most ideal advances taken by them. The IMF remains tormented by philosophical debates about the scale and extent of its loaning and emergency related exercises. These questions divert the foundation from its job as a worldwide loan specialist of last resort.(Truman 2006b, p. 532) Truman (2008) says that at the hour of unfurling of financial emergency, individuals from International Monetary Fund neglected to give any sort of help to the economies that necessary a momentary requirement for outside fluid assets. As indicated by him, one of the different potential causes was macroeconomic arrangements of a few nations over the world that together holds the duty generally for the emergency. He further remarked that simple money related approaches and monetary strategies of nations like US, Japan and others discounted the investment funds pace of these nations and twisted the parity of the budgetary framework and prompted a taking off of worldwide credit and raised the cost of houses. Collateralized obligation commitments are bonds at last supported by groups of credits, for example, subprime mortgages.(Davis 2009, p. 103) Financial organizations had a decent measure of cash as remote trade holds so it began loaning cash to everybody at a low loan fee (Truman 2008, p. 23) and furthermore to the individuals who had no ability to return it back, that is, subprime contracts came into picture (Davis 2009). After a specific period, when the flexibly begun surpassing interest, lodging costs in US started to drop, contract holders found that the cost or estimation of their home was not as much as what they were inferable from the banks thus they began defaulting in high numbers and an ascent in dispossessions was watched. Development of post modern culture, for example a move from assembling to support industry in US prompted huge joblessness. With an end goal to improve efficiency, organizations began eliminating work and at last modest number of talented works were left. So the opposition for talented wor k expanded. With the emergence of characterized commitment annuity plan, the impetus to adhere to a specific organization reached a conclusion. Furthermore, representatives began moving starting with one organization then onto the next. This new arrangement of annuity subsidize prompted the development of common reserve industry (Davis 2009, p. 31) which brought about decrease in representative connection with the organization and expanded support by money related foundations through common assets. Securitization [altered the conventional example of banking by] transforming resources into protections exchanged on business sectors (Davis 2009, p. 35). Thusly of banking permits the bank to loan more measure of cash. One type of securitization was contract supported bonds (Davis 2009, p. 35). Deboer (2008, p. 5) says that any business bank must have roughly 10% of the aggregate sum of credit gave by it, in its capital resources. Numerous money related bodies gave contract supported bud getary subsidiaries and in the end when the lodging costs began falling, the estimation of home loan upheld protections declined too which thusly began making them bankrupt. Understanding this, banks began giving modest number and little amount of advances. This lashed the credit circumstance firmly and consequently lodging costs began narrowing further. In Eastern Europe, the significant purpose for the emergency was momentary borrowings (Aslund 2009) from numerous European banks in huge sums in light of the security and wellbeing offered by such a large number of nations in Europe by setting a fixed conversion scale. This prompted swelling of costs since high measure of cash was streaming in. Likewise the nations like Ukraine began bringing in products on high scale and along these lines missed the mark regarding balance installment it owed to different nations. Absence of organization and guideline of the budgetary area is another reason recognized by Truman (2008, p.24). He says that the overleveraging of the money related framework occurred bit by bit in an exponential rising way more than quite a while, where poor management of the policymakers and the others liable applauded the extraordinary development of the economy in its initial years when the indications of swelling were not essential. After a timeframe, (Truman 2008, p. 24) when the monetary organizations were left with no cash and had no ability to subsidize any further venture, the development twisted and deleveraging started. He accepts that another conceivable explanation that may have had modified the market structure was the inadequately comprehended hazard related with the developments in the arrangement of new approaches in the monetary foundations. Bergsten (2008) says that nations like UK ought to receive a monetary development program to keep away from or outperform the impact of next conceivable money related emergency. Such program would include a push to build the local interest and along these lines causing an extension of the exchange between nations. It additionally includes lessening the limitations of exchange on the fringe and inside the nation too. He says the best advance the pioneers of the G-20 could take is promise to embrace monetary upgrade programs adding up to at any rate 1 to 2 percent of the majority of their national economies. Pioneers should attempt to think something imaginative as opposed to accusing each other for the emergency. Bergsten (2008) recommends that UK alongside different nations must guarantee a help of at any rate $500 billion each to upgrade the assets of IMF (International Monetary Fund) so it will collect great measure of riches and vow to help UK just as different nations at the hour of emergency. He likewise proposes that a proficient working gathering should be shaped inside the nations to break down and administer money related guidelines intently. Money related solidness report from Bank of England (2009) states that banks ought to have adequate measure of fluid resources for decrease its reliance on transient borrowings for financing non fluid resources. The Tripartite Committee containing the Bank of England, FSA (Financial Services Authority) and the treasury was considered answerable for the emergency of 2008 by the staff of politics.co.uk (2009) in a report. They state that the Bank of England ought to be considered responsible for large scale financial management rather than FSA and that all the three should know their definite jobs and obligations. The report additionally recommends steps like creating arrangements to stifle changes in money related conditions, doling out British specialists to continually screen UK parts of worldwide banks so that i f any new approach is shaped by them which may influence the budgetary status of the nation in future can be stopped up at the correct time, expanding the guidelines about the capital resources necessity for the bank with the goal that it appropriately surveys the credit borrower and award it to him just on the off chance that he can stand to take care of it. Bergsten (2008) has advanced the possibility of a joint work or oversight of the FSA and the Bank. He feels that it would be viable if FSA focuses on the conduction of the business and Bank centers around the foundational issues. Amato (2009) communicates his perspectives saying that advantages whose worth couldn't be resolved were given triple-An appraisals by the rating offices and along these lines pulled in more financial specialists so UK government must guarantee that banks dont over depend on the FICO scores (Bank of England 2009). Amato (2009) says protectionism ought to be evacuated so all the organizations over the wo rld can exchange effectively and unreservedly in different nations with no obstructions. Recapitalization conspire has been embraced by UK banks intentionally to raise cash-flow to furnish it with adequate measure of protection against future dangers of emergency. (Bank of England, 2008) End Taking a gander at the different causes, we can infer that there were various purposes behind emergency in various pieces of the world. On the off chance that a nation structures solid strategies and takes choices that would be valuable over the long haul, at that point it may have the option to shield itself from the unfriendly results of money related insecurity. Amato (2009) says that a nation needs to frame arrangements remembering the advantage of its local market as well as of the entire world. All the nations ought to participate at the global level and bolster IMF definitely. Nations like China, Malaysia and some Islamic nations were least influenced by emergency due to their solid arrangements, great management and guidelines, capacity to foresee or distinguish budgetary change

The Problems In The Emergency Department Of Services

The Problems In The Emergency Department Of Services The report contains the genuine theoretical discoveries from which each forthcoming overall population can profit on the grounds that the clinic is essentially for open. The intense contrasts between the legislature and private medical clinics have altered the private emergency clinics by making more rivalry step by step. This report will talk about all the issues and issues of the Emergency Department of Services Hospital. This report has been practiced by breaking down the enrollment insights for Emergency Department just as their entire procedure of their philosophy. There were a few issues in the division which we watched. This report will talk about the patient issues, specialist issues, offices, defilement and the cleanliness condition and it will likewise examine their answers. The word medical clinic originates from the Latin expectations which alludes to either a guest or the host who gets the guest. From trusts came the Latin hospitalia, a condo for outsiders or visitors, and the medieval Latin hospitale. Clinic Emergency clinic just took on its advanced significance as a foundation where debilitated or harmed are given clinical or careful consideration Crisis It is where individual got emergency treatment and specialists recommendation right away Foundation Lahore is the second biggest city of Pakistan. It is the Capital of Province, Punjab. Lahore has numerous emergency clinics and administrations medical clinic is one of them. It is situated in Jail street, close to Punjab cardiology. Before giving a short presentation about administrations emergency clinic I need to enlighten you regarding the medical clinic. In 1958 a different outpatient division of Mayo emergency clinic, was arrangement for the administration workers. In 1960 it was changed over into 55 beds and named as Wahdat medical clinic. It had clinical and careful offices along with research center and X-beams unit. Later on it was named as Services Hospital. In 1977 it was turned into the showing emergency clinic of the Llama Iqbal clinical school and now it has its own clinical school known as SIMS. It was pronounced self-sufficient establishment in 1999. So as to make to make the crisis division completely useful, a far reaching ATLS preparing progress undergrad MBBS and nursing understudy is being sorted out. What's more staff working in the crisis office is being prepared on normal premise to deal with crisis patients and catastrophe casualties. The depiction of issues is the patients issues that what sort of issues are being looked by patients. Cleanliness condition that what is the present state of cleanliness in the office. Offices that sort of offices are being given to specialists, staff and patients and the debasement. This exploration proposes to examine the serious issues of Emergency Hospital and to discover the reasons for these issues, to discover what upgrades have occurred in the past for the advancement of this division from 2005-2009 As Services Hospital is one of the greatest and most seasoned Hospital of Lahore; and is as of now confronting numerous issues that are the reason a definite research must be directed, so we ought to have the option to make individuals and the Government mindful from the circumstance of the emergency clinic. The extent of this exploration is to cover all the serious issues that the Emergency Department is as of now confronting like condition contamination, cleanliness/tidiness, patients issues, specialists and staff issue, security, stopping, and afterward to discover what steps can be taken to tackle these issues. We partitioned the issues among bunch individuals. Every part contains two space. Sundus Farooq has secured the Problems of patients and Hygiene condition. Ahsan Akram secured the Facilities and Corruption. Writing Review One thing is without a doubt the individuals who are living close to the medical clinic face numerous issues. One of the enormous is the discard syringes and other material close to the local locations which makes numerous issues and causes extreme sort of ailments. We were looking through the papers to get some data about the medical clinics. We got different in regards to the issues about the clinics, yet we are simply composing the two news. One thing is without a doubt the individuals who are living close to the emergency clinic face numerous issues. One of the enormous issue is the discarded syringes and other material close to the local locations which makes numerous issues and can cause various illnesses. (Ali Raza, 2010) likewise examine the issue of waste arranged. He said that the Environment Protection Department (EPD) has started lawful activity against emergency clinics for arranging medical clinic squander in private skins on Jail Road. The sources EPD said that first w e would give Environmental Protection Orders (EPO) after which the case will send to the Environmental Tribunal. The EPD said that they had such a large number of grievances that surgimed was discarding its dangerous clinical waste in the nearby trash compartment. Specialists state the reuse of medical clinic squander groups genuine danger to the wellbeing of residents other than the laborers and others partnered with the reusing purposes. On the off chance that the tainted substance isn't arranged appropriately, it will causes numerous deadly illnesses like Hepatitis and AIDS, Beside this it will likewise causes skin ,respiratory and eye sicknesses. Sources find that private gatherings bring huge amounts of irresistible medical clinic squander from over the region in the city for reusing purposes. They get these waste parcels sacks through trucks. Mafia is additionally engaged with this. A senior authority of CDGL Environment division said that perilous and squander material, winning more than Rs 15 million every outing of which the estimation of Lahore squander was more than Rs 5 million every day. We examine that their waste material is causing numerous issues.) There ought to be made a few strides by the administrations of emergency clinics to control this. In another article the writer talks about the crisis office. The offices which are generally give in each crisis branch of medical clinic. The creator said the crisis offices require various supplies and approaches than most other medical clinic division. Patients every now and again with shaky conditions thus, must be dealt with rapidly. They might be oblivious, and data, for example, their clinical history, hypersensitivities, and blood classification might be inaccessible. Crisis Department staff are prepared to work rapidly and adequately even with negligible data. . They might be oblivious, and data, for example, their clinical history, hypersensitivities, and blood classification might be inaccessible. Crisis Department staff are prepared to work rapidly and adequately even with insignificant data. . They might be oblivious, and data, for example, their clinical history, hypersensitivities, and blood classification might be inaccessible. Crisis Department staff are prepared to work rapidly and adequately even with negligible data) Research Questions Essential Research Question What are the current conditions won at the crisis branch of administrations emergency clinic Lahore? Auxiliary Research Questions Q1:- What is the crisis office? Q2:- what number specialists are accessible at once in crisis division? Q3:- what is the capability of the representatives of the office i.e would they say they are new alumni or senior specialists? Q4:- Where and howâ are the syringes and other waste material arranged? Q5:- What is the strategy for sanitizing the careful instrument? Q6:- Why do individuals gripe about non-accessibility of specialists? Q7:- What offices are being given to the specialists? Q8:- At the hour of a crisis, for example, an impact, how do doctorsâ handle the huge number of losses? Q9:- What is the quality ofâ the sanitization? Q10:- What is the state of hardware and gear in the office? Q11:- Does the dept, give any examination and instructing office? Q12:- Why do patients for the most part incline toward this emergency clinic even thoughâ it is a long way from their homes? Strategy Test We have taken the example of 50 by appropriating the poll. Information Collection The demurely wellspring of information will be gathered through survey and meetings with various individuals having various suppositions. The greater part of the auxiliary information and data is acquired from electronic sources, yearly reports, news papers, articles, contextual investigations, books, and diaries. Research Tools The exploration devices are field study, appropriating poll; and afterward at last taking meeting from the Dr.Mushtaq Khataq (DMS of Services Hospital) and the meeting from the of affectee. Field study This will be general wellspring of information assortment in which the information will be spoken to based on our own involvement with a similar field. Time period For the exploration we fielded concentrate on January 19, 2010; we began our work on January 22, 2010. We have taken meeting on March 25, 2010 from the D.M.S of Services Hospital and from the affectee and we have likewise dispersed the poll on March 10, 2010. Date of Interviews Walk 25,2010 Date of dist. Of Questionnaire Walk 10,2010 Work in progress Walk 20,2010 Last Draft April 2, 2010 Date of Submission April 12, 2010 Investigation of Data and Discussion We visited the administrations medical clinic 3 to multiple times to assess the state of the crisis division. In our first review we had watched a great deal of issue. The fundamental issue which we confronted was stopping. There was no vacant spot for stopping in the emergency clinic. Individuals left their vehicle as indicated by their on will. There was no efficient request for stopping and even had no security courses of action. One can undoubtedly take your vehicles. Different issues were: we heard that there ought not be commotion and group in the parameters of clinic, yet there was a lot of clamor and it was packed. There was no spot to represent one second in crisis division of the Services Hospital. Various individuals were remaining there which had nothing to do their. They were sitting their preferably and even not giving the seat to any patients. Patients issues The crisis branch of the Services Hospital is d

Herzbergs Two Factor Theory Essay

1.0 INTRODUCTION Inspiration is a significant driver in an association and is urgent to the administration of scholarly capital. Inspiration underlies what representatives decide to do (quality or potentially amount), how much exertion they will place into achieving the assignment, and to what extent they will work so as to achieve it. Representatives who are inspired will work all the more successfully and effectively and shape an organisation’s conduct. An inspired workforce will strongly affect an organisation’s main concern. Inspiration is unequivocally attached to work fulfillment. Employment fulfillment is the manner by which people feel about the undertakings they should achieve and may likewise be impacted by the physical and social nature of the working environment. The more fulfilled workers are with their occupations, the more persuaded they will be to carry out their responsibilities well. There are a few significant examinations identifying with inspiration. These incorporate Abraham Maslow’s order of requirements, Frederick Herzberg’s investigation of cleanliness and inspirational variables, Douglas McGregor’s Theory X and Theory Y, Victor Vroom’s Expectancy Theory, and J. Stacy Adams’ Equity Theory. It is significant that the paper will give a few features of the previously mentioned speculations to give a greater picture regarding the matter of inspiration, further the paper will give brief meanings of some key ideas, for example, inspiration and employment fulfillment. It is additionally essential to state here that the paper will limit itself to the two factor hypothesis by giving a short clarification on the hypothesis and afterward focus in on every one of the cleanliness factors in detail after which the situation of the creator regarding the matter being talked about will be sketched out and the end will follow with the book index. 1.1 DEFINITIONS OF KEY CONCEPTS As set by Vroom (1964), the word â€Å"motivation† is gotten from the Latin word movere, which implies â€Å"to move†. Inspiration is an interior power, subject to the necessities that drive an individual to accomplish. Schulze and Steyn (2003) asserted that so as to comprehend people’s conduct at work, administrators or directors must know about the idea of requirements or intentions, which will help â€Å"move† their representatives to act. Locke (1976) characterizes work fulfillment as the constructive passionate state originating from valuation of a person’s experience related with the activity. Employment fulfillment is related with pay, word related pressure, strengthening, organization and authoritative approach, accomplishment, self-improvement, relationship with others, and the general working condition. It has been contended that an expansion in work fulfillment expands laborer profitability (Wright and Cropanzano, 1997; Shikdar and Das, 2003). Along these lines, work fulfillment majorly affects people’s lives. Locke (1976) demonstrated that activity fulfillment most usually influences a person’s physical wellbeing, psychological wellness and public activity whereby individuals who are happy with their employments will in general be content with their lives. Breed and Breda (1997) demonstrated that activity fulfillment may influence truancy, grumblings, and work distress. Considering this, fulfilled laborers will be considerably more gainful and be held inside the association for a more drawn out period, rather than disappointed specialists who will be less helpful and who will have a more noteworthy inclination to stop their occupations (Crossman, 2003). All the more significantly, fulfilled specialists perform better as well as offer better support to clients, which could bring about improving consumer loyalty. It is expected that inspiration and fulfillment are fundamentally the same as and that, as a rule, they are viewed as interchangeable terms. As per Hersey and Blanchard (1988), inspiration and fulfillment are very unique in relation to one another regarding prize and execution. The creators call attention to that inspiration is impacted by forward-looking recognitions about the connection among execution and prizes, though fulfillment includes how individuals feel about the prizes they have gotten. At the end of the day, inspiration is an outcome of desires for the future while fulfillment is a result of past occasions (Carr, 2005). Specialists have focused on representative occupation fulfillment since it is firmly identified with the nature of the employee’s life. Jenner (1994) demanded that expanding the employee’s work fulfillment or assurance is a significant method for taking out non-appearance, lessening turnover, and in the long run raising profitability. Hair stylist (1986) secured that position disappointment was related with more noteworthy non-appearance and higher turnover rates. With high occupation fulfillment, the worker would in general show more grounded hierarchical duty and higher expectation to stay with the organization. 1.2 UNDERSTANDING MOTIVATION USING THEORIES Hypotheses of inspiration can assist us with understanding why individuals carry on as they do. No hypothesis has a Universal way to deal with clarify human conduct, since individuals are excessively far complex (Donnelly, et al.1996). Two significant gatherings of speculations are content hypotheses and procedure speculations. Content speculations are worried about distinguishing what factors in an individual or the workplace invigorate and continue conduct. Procedure speculations attempt to depict how conduct is empowered, coordinated, and supported. Procedure hypotheses first endeavor to characterize factors in decision, i.e., Should I buckle down? (Decision); how hard accomplish I Work? (Industriousness). Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs places that conduct at a specific second is dictated by the most grounded need. He set them in a system alluded to as the progressive system of requirements due to the various degrees of significance. Those necessities that start things out must be fulfilled before a more significant level need becomes an integral factor. Value Theory sets that apparent disparity is a Motivational power. Laborers assess value utilizing a proportion of contributions to yields. Sources of info incorporate capability, experience, exertion, and capacity. Results incorporate advantages. Disparities happen when laborers feel that results are not perfect with inputs. Anticipation Theory states that representatives are spurred to settle on decisions among practices. In the event that representatives accept that exertion will be compensated, there will be inspired exertion, that is, they will choose to work more enthusiastically to get a prize. Hope is the conviction that sp ecific practices will or won't be effective. Inclinations are the qualities an individual appends to various results. 2.0 THE TWO FACTOR THEORY Herzberg’s two-factor hypothesis of inspiration (1959) clarifies and contemplates the variables that assume a key job in making the representatives of an association fulfilled or disappointed with their work and employment profiles. The two variables are-cleanliness elements and inspirations. On the off chance that cleanliness factors are missing, they can prompt making of disappointment among laborers, however when they are satisfactory, only they can't prompt fulfilling laborers in the workplace. Then again, helpers are the components that are identified with the idea of the activity and assume a noteworthy job in giving fulfillment among laborers and prompting more elevated level of inspiration (Bassett-Jones and Lloyd 2005). Workers everywhere throughout the world need employer stability as well as need quality business. They want to be given sufficient open doors for headway, great working conditions, and reasonable treatment by chiefs, self-rule on their work, testing em ployments and duty (Miner 2003). These variables are remembered for the help factors given by Herzberg and still remain constant today in contemporary business condition. Today’s associations center around cooperation and attachment among the gathering in order to make an inductive domain for work where representatives are spurred to work and add to accomplishing the objectives of the association. Rooster and Davis (1990) show that work quality is one of the central point that decide fulfillment among representatives as far as inspiration. For example, on the off chance that a worker has sufficient cash, however he has no important work, at that point the representative beginnings feeling absence of self worth, which is again in rationality with the Herzberg’s hypothesis that when cash quits being the main thrust of inspiration for representatives, mental prizes have its spot and gotten increasingly vital just as huge regarding going about as a main thrust of inspiration. Along these lines, cash quits going about as the inspiration for workers past a specific limit (Critical Analysis of Adam J. Stacy’s and Frederick Herzberg’s Theories on Job Satisfaction of Employees 2012). In today’s business situation, wellsprings of fulfillment at work and the manners by which occupations can be structured in order to make the work itself all the more testing and enhancing can persuade representatives and assist associations with accomplishing their points and objectives as referenced in Herzberg inspiration hypothesis (Locke and Latham 2004). Herzberg expressed that the best way to inspire representatives in the association is to give them trying work so they can feel an awareness of other's expectations just as having a place towards the association. Today, workers are engaged with dynamic because of which they feel greater obligation just as wind up at a more elevated level of inspiration. Characteristic drivers overwhelm over outside upgrades as far as inspiration and lead to improved commitments towards authoritative achievement. As indicated by Herzberg’s book on Work and the Nature of Man 1973, he says man has two arrangements of requirements: his need as a creature to maintain a strategic distance from torment, and his need as a human to develop mentally. The scriptural personages of Adam and Abraham are utilized to show and build up the duality of man’s nature. Quickly, as Adam, man is imagined as a creature whose superseding objective is to dodge the torment inescapable in identifying with his condition. Then again, taking a gander at man in his totality, notwithstanding his evasion nature there exists an individual who is prompted to determ

6 Top Money Tips That Every Student Should Know

6 Top Money Tips That Every Student Should Know Everyone knows the money issues involved with being a student. The wait between January’s student loan and the student loan at Easter can seem like years! We know, because we’ve been there too. That’s why we’ve put together some amazing money saving tips to help students budget, save, and spend wisely. Stock up on Freebies Save the student put together an amazing list of free things you can get as a student. These are useful things you might not have known about, and perfect to stock up on so that you can use your money elsewhere. Buy Food in the reduced section and freeze If you have a freezer at home or at your student accommodation, this method can help save  £Ã¢â‚¬â„¢s off your food shopping. Nearly all big supermarkets have a reduced section, where food can be bought for pennies as the best before date is fast approaching. Buy food like ready meals and other refrigerated snacks and freeze them when you get home. That way you save money, and they last longer. Note: the best time to shop for reduced products is after 6pm on weekdays. Have a â€Å"No-spend† day each week Dedicate one day of the week to â€Å"no spending†. Whether you’re planning to stay at home that day anyway, or if you are out and about, try to commit to not spending any money on that day. Eat home cooked food, skip on the starbucks, and walk instead of getting public transport or ubers. Utilise your student discounts Many students simply don’t realise how much you can save by being a student. Whether it’s a % discount in your favourite store, or a free cheeseburger at McDonalds. Check with staff about student discounts everywhere you shop. If an online retailer doesn’t do student discounts, have a look on google for other discounts or vouchers they might have running before you hit the checkout button. Unsubscribe from small direct debits Subscription fees to things like Apps, Spotify, Netflix or magazines may seem small in the grand scheme of things, but they can quickly add up. Cancelling subscriptions to services you no longer use can make a nice difference to your budget each month. Get a 3-year railcard when you’re 24. To save on train fares for as long as possible, simply buy or renew a 3-year  16–25 railcard  before your 24th birthday to  get  a third off rail fares until youre 27.

Symbolism of Setting and Character Descriptions in Young...

Emily Bartlett Ms. Santi 1B PDP American Literature 7 December 2011 Young Goodman Brown In Young Goodman Brown, Nathanial Hawthorne utilizes the forest’s setting and character’s descriptions to show the symbolic meaning of each. The forest, each character and their actions all have specific meanings that are critical to the interpretation of the story. The story of Young Goodman Brown takes place in the town of Salem, Massachusetts, and the forest surrounding the town. Salem became famous for its witch tr1ials and the evil lurking within its forests. Forests are best known for being places of evil, â€Å"Satan’s playground†, for â€Å"There may be a devilish Indian behind every tree,† (Hawthorne 1). Night itself is considered to be the time when†¦show more content†¦The snake for ages upon ages seems to represent Lucifer or the devil, ever since the story of Adam and Eve. Several times in the Bible, snakes were used as punishment. After leaving Egypt, Moses and the Israelites take refuge in the desert. However despite being free, they sin and God becomes angry with the people. God punishes them by sending â€Å"fiery serpents to surround the camp. Moses admits to God that the people and himself are sinners and prays for the people. God tells Moses to build a brass serpent and to place it on a pole in the center of the camp. God says that anyone who looks upon the pole after being bitten shall live. Bringing the questioning of his relationship with the devil, or if he in fact is the devil. The fact that the staff appears to move as a snake would also shows that something is amiss in the woods of Salem. Later in the forest, Goodman Brown and the traveler come across one of the respected women from the church, Goody Cloyse. Goody Cloyse a pious woman, strict and true to the word of God, throughout the day. â€Å"He pointed his staff at a female figure on the path, in whom Goodman Brown recognized a very pious and exemplary dame, who had taught him his catechism, in youth, and was still his moral and spiritual supervisor.† (Hawthorne 2). Goody Cloyse is the last woman a person would expect to find in theShow MoreRelatedGood Vs. Evil in Nathaniel Hawthornes Young Goodman Brown Essay673 Words   |  3 PagesGood vs. Evil The short story, Young Goodman Brown is a fascinating rendition of the battle between good and evil. The reader must delve into the depths of his/her own beliefs to understand what the symbolism is. Nathaniel Hawthorne writes an entire lesson in life as one big symbol using allegory. The various examples are fruitful and will be presented throughout this essay. First, the main characters name is Goodman Brown. Does this mean something? 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The story opens with a pair of wounded soldiers escaping from an assault on a local Native American tribe, â€Å"One of the few incidents of Indian warfare, naturally susceptible of the moonlightRead MoreThe Forest of Good and Evil in Young Goodman Brown†by Nathaniel Hawthorne938 Words   |  4 PagesIn â€Å"Young Goodman Brown† by Nathaniel Hawthorne, the author tells a story of a man named Goodman Brow. From the beginning to the end of the story, Hawthorne uses suspense, mystery, and conflict to create an interesting journey for his protagonist, who walks through the woods at night. However, there is more in it than just the story by itself; it is full of many forms of symbolism for the character names in every part of the story. Throughout the many symbols and elements, the story of â€Å"Young GoodmanRead MorePoe vs Hawthorne1992 Words   |  8 Pageshe employed, however, would be false. Throughout history, authors have endeavoured to master other forms of literary elements, to become the master of those elements, and equal to none in them. By comparing â€Å"The Cask of Amontillado† with â€Å"Young Goodman Brown†, is to study two masters, at odds with their specific forms of writing, but each a master in his own right. Each story shows how two people that can be so far apart on a scale, can use the same literary elements in similar and different waysRead More Symbolism in Hawthornes Young Goodman Brown Essay example2781 Words   |  12 PagesIn Nathaniel Hawthornes Young Goodman Brown the use of symbols contributes to the development of the storys plot. Symbolism is used as a means to uncover the truth about the characters. The author, in an attempt to manifest the moral aspects of his society, uses many kinds of symbols to support his points. When analyzing an allegory like Young Goodman Brown, the reader must realize that the story is in its entirety, a symbol. Hawthorne, through his writing is trying to convey the contradicting

Slavery During The Civil War - 1908 Words

Throughout the 1800s in America, slavery was a controversy between the north and the south. A Slave was one who was the property of another human being under law and was forced to obey them. The North felt that slavery was unfair and inhumane, whereas in the South, they felt as though slavery was crucial to their success. African American slaves were not allowed many rights: they were not allowed to testify in court against a white person, could not receive an education, or even sign contracts. Due to the brutality they faced each day, many slaves escaped with hopes to find freedom. The Underground Railroad, a system utilized by many runaway slaves to help them escape from the South to Canada, played a large role in the downfall of slavery and eventual abolition in the United States following the Civil War. Life for African American Slaves in the United States greatly differed from that of a typical white citizen. Beginning in 1619, slaves were being forced to the United States from their homeland of Africa where they would be bought and owned by a white man. Many were auctioned off and separated from their families to work on farms on arrival to America. Slaves were brought in for many years from Africa, but in 1808 international slave trade was no longer legal. Domestic slave trade, however, continued and thrived because many slaves were having children and raising families in captivity. There were many restrictions placed on what slaves were allowed to do. InShow MoreRelatedSlavery During The Civil War1159 Words   |  5 PagesThe Civil War, occurring between the years 1861 and 1865, was a devastating effect of sectionalism caused by the division of the country on the topic of slavery. Slavery impacted every aspect of the country, whether in the North or the South, though prima rily in the South; major impacts were in the politics and economy of the early country ways which inevitably caused the Civil War. Slavery was the focal point of the economy in the South, this inthrallment was the fuel for the agricultural SouthRead MoreSlavery During The Civil War989 Words   |  4 Pagesthe foul seeds of slavery in American soil. Quickly, slavery would spread like weeds throughout the colonies, and became significantly important to the South. According to the Constitutional Rights Foundation, â€Å"Before the Civil War, nearly 4 million black slaves toiled in the American South.† However, during the late 1800s, many American citizens began to contemplate the mortality of slavery, thereby causing the states to divide. Although the North was for the abolition of slavery, the South defendedRead MoreSlavery During The Civil War Essay1728 Words   |  7 Pages Eighteen century was a time period when slavery took deep roots in the New World. Slavery institution deeply affected and shaped the United States in the way we know it now. It affected all aspects of an American society: politically, economically and socially. Slaves were the ones who worked on large plantations, harvesting the crops, taking care of houses, fighting for an American independence, and gave the white people a leisure time to improve their knowledge and exercise political powerRead MoreSlavery During The Civil War1571 Words   |  7 PagesSlavery, defined in Webster’s dictionary as the â€Å"condition in which one human being is owned by another†, was a heinous crime against humanity that was legal and considered a normality in America from 1619 to 1865. In 1865, the Union won the Civil War against the Confederates and declared that African American slaves be emancipated. Before their emancipation, African American families were split up, never to see each other again. Their rights of political and social freedoms were also stripped awayRead MoreSlavery During The Civil War Essay1761 Words   |  8 PagesThe idea of slavery in early America began when African slaves were brought to the newly settled North American settlement called Jamestown in Virginia in 1619, to help in the cultivation of cash crops as tobacco. Slavery was practiced all throughout the colonies in the 17th and 18th centuries, with the abundance of practically free labor provided from the enslaved African-Americans helped pave the road of economic foundations in the newly founded nation. With the invention of the cotton gin in 1793Read MoreSlavery During The Civil War1751 Words   |  8 PagesFreedom. Independence. Liberty. Slavery in America began as early as the 1600’s when the colonists began settling in Jamestown. Originally, slavery was merely a small system of labor, meant to aid the production of crops and help build the economic foundations of the New World. The concept of slavery differed from place to place and from person to person. Some believed that owning another person as a source of free labor was just, wanting to extend the idea of slavery. Others thought the labor systemRead MoreSlavery During The Civil War1900 Words   |  8 Pageslifestyles, abolitionists from north were against slavery and advocated emancipation to slaves in the south. Slavery may not have been the only factor that sparked a disagreement between the north and south but it certainly had an influence on states decisions to remain or leave the Union. The conflict of slavery has been an issue as early as the American Revolution but it became a serious problem around the 1850’s and during the Civil War. The impact slavery had on the Union can be seen in events suchRead MoreSlavery During The Civil War Essay1754 Words   |  8 Pages‘Modern’ slavery in America began in 1619 when the first wave of slaves, were brought from Africa to a North American colony in Jamestown, Virginia. From 1619 to 1807 (when The Act Prohibiting Importation of Slaves was made) according to the Trans-Atlantic Slave Database 12.5 million african were shipped to America. Prior to this slavery had existed as early as 1400 in europe. In America their sole purpose was to facilitate the production of lucrative crops such as Tobacco and cotton. By the 18thRead MoreSlavery During The Civil War1636 Words   |  7 PagesThe Reasons that led to the Continue of Slavery in Virginia When Englishmen arrived at Jamestown they found a great land for farming. A few years later when the Englishmen decided to settle down at the new land, they grew a high-grade tobacco at the Chesapeake . It did not take long time for settlers to understand that they could pay their fines, debts, and taxes with tobacco, so they started to grow tobacco everywhere. In order to support economic growth and luxury living, EnglishmenRead MoreSlavery During The Civil War2248 Words   |  9 PagesSlavery of Freedom is Choice Slavery, in which lower class people are treated as property legally but by force, has been a serious issue in human history for thousands of years regardless of culture differences. During the antebellum period, North America abolished slavery of the black, whereas the south violently opposed to abolition no matter how inhuman it is since the south was on foreign trade and slaves provided the labor needed to support the economy. According to different information sources

Killings vs. Barn Burning free essay sample

After reading â€Å"Killings† by Andre Dubus, it is very clear that the main character, Matt Fowler shares many similarities and differences with Abner Snopes of â€Å"Barn Burning† by William Faulkner. Both Abner and Matt are father figures who seek revenge in order to feel at ease, but their thoughtless actions affect both their families and themselves. In both† Killings† and â€Å"Barn Burning†, revenge is used by both Matt Fowler and Abner Snopes to cheat the justice system. Matt Fowlers youngest son Frank was murdered by a man named Richard Strout.Due to the fact Matt did not believe justice would have his side, he killed Strout with hopes that his family would be able to rest easy knowing they won’t have to see Strout anymore. As a result, Matt began to feel the guilt for Strouts family and realizes there are going to be consequences for the murder he committed. We will write a custom essay sample on Killings vs. Barn Burning or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Matt Fowlers revenge resulted from a buildup of anger and various emotions and the desire to protect his family. As for Abner Snopes, revenge is a result of jealousy of the wealthy. Barn Burning† takes place at a much earlier time then â€Å"Killings† where class status was a big deal and people would do anything in order to support their families because they had to. Abner has a family and knows he has to support them in order to live but his despise for the wealthy and what he doesn’t have causes him to act out Izdebski 2 unlawfully by burning their barns. Like Matt Fowler, Abner does not think of the consequences he will have to face because of acting out unlawfully and violently.Throughout the story â€Å"Barn Burning† there is much evidence that supports Abners hateful actions and the lies he tells the judge when he gets caught. In the end, Abners planned action of burning Major De Spain’s barn is crushed by his son Sarty who realizes he can no longer lie for his father and warns De Spain of his father’s intensions. The reader is lead to believe that in the end Major De Spain kills Abner before he gets the chance to burn his barn. Both Matt Fowler of â€Å"Killings† and Abner Snopes of â€Å"Barn Burning† are portrayed as father figures.Matt Fowler is more of a normal father figure who cares for his family unconditionally and will not stand for anyone trying to ruin it. Abner Snopes on the other hand is not a good father and rather seek revenge due to his jealously issues then care about how his family feels. Unfortunately both Matt Fowler and Abner Snopes would not be considered good role models for their children due to their unlawful actions. Matt’s other children will suffer knowing their father is a murderer and will probably have to deal with him going to jail and not being able to see him.Abners son Sarty on the other hand will go on in life without his father and will know not to follow in his father’s path. Matt Fowler and Abner Snopes are not successful members of society. Matt Fowler could have had the chance to get the justice he rightfully deserved if he would have just waited for the awaiting trial against his son’s killer Richard Strout. Unfortunately Matt’s lack of trust in the justice system and built up anger caused him to commit murder. Murder is illegal and being known as a murderer doesn’t make you a successful member of society. As for Abner Snopes, Izdebski 3 being known as a trouble maker and breaking the law by burning others properties out of jealousy doesn’t make him a very successful member of society either. There are many reasons why Matt Fowler and Abner Snopes compare and contrast. In many ways Matt and Abner are a lot alike in the sense that they both use irrational, unlawful actions to get revenge for their anger.Matt and Abner have different issues that cause them to act out in such ways. Matt Fowler doesn’t know how to deal with the loss of his son Frank and is emotionally unstable causing him to commit murder on the man who took his sons life. Abner Snopes is a sharecropper who is jealous of the wealth around him and seems to have some underlying issues that cause him to burn down innocent peoples barns. The main characters actions in the stories â€Å"killings† and â€Å"Barn Burning† could also be different considering the time period in which the stories take place.

Suicide Essays (1602 words) - 9, The Mother-Daughter Book Club

Suicide Can you single out just one day from your past that you can honestly say changed your life forever? I know I can. It was a typical January day, with one exception; it was the day the Pope came to St. Louis. My brother and I had tickets to the youth rally, and we were both very excited. It was destined to be an awesome day- or so we thought. The glory and euphoria of the Papal visit quickly faded into a time of incredible pain and sorrow, a time from which I am still emerging. That day. The date was Tuesday, January 26, 1999, and the entire city of St. Louis was anxiously awaiting the arrival of the Pope. The day started with a bus ride to Laclede's Landing where thousands of high school students joined together and marched to the Kiel Center where the Papal Youth rally was being held. When the Pope finally arrived at around 7:30 PM, it was absolutely breathtaking. The Holy Father's words covered everything from baseball, and Mark McGwire, to teen suicide. Even though I did not realize it at that moment, his words were about to become a huge part of my life. By the time I got home, my brother had already arrived and was enthusiastically recounting the day's events to my mom, who had obviously been crying. When he finally stopped carrying on, my mom told me to sit down and then she told me. I will never forget her exact words or even the way she said them. ?Megan committed suicide today.? I stared blankly at her, I knew she had to be lying, she had to be wrong, Megan would never do that. We had been too good of friends for too long, I knew her too well. Megan was always happy, she always had a joke to tell. She had such a bright future, she was an excellent athlete and it seemed as though she succeeded in everything she tried. We played Volleyball together, we were co-captains of the soccer team and we even managed the wrestling team together. I never imagined the word suicide could even be a part of her vocabulary. That is why I knew there had to be some mistake, my mom had to be wrong. My mom then went on to tell me the details of what happened, but it did not matter, I did not hear her. Even though I was exhausted after a long day, my mom drove me to my friend's house. I still had not cried, we just sat in the car in silence. I knew there had to be a mistake. However, as soon as I saw the tear stained face of my friend, I knew everything was true. That is when the tears came, and I'm not quite sure when they stopped. They lasted for hours on end. The days that followed that day are still a little blurry. I did not go to school; but then again most people did not. Most of Megan's friends got together to make a cross and collages of pictures; however, I could not bring myself to get off the couch. Everyone was nice enough to include me in everything. They put my name on the cross and put tons of pictures of Megan and me in the collages. My phone rang off the hook with people checking to make sure I was OK. Our old soccer coach even flew in from Georgia to help us deal with everything. As the funeral neared, I was suffering from many mixed emotions. I could not figure out whether to be upset or angry, or what to feel at all. Not only did I have to deal with the loss of a friend, but also I had to deal with the fact that she did it herself. Then came the subject of her parents. I wanted to blame everything on them. It made everything so easy; who else could be blamed? Maybe if they had cared just a little bit more, this all could have been prevented. I just did not know what to think. Then came the funeral. The day of the wake, I was totally convinced

censorship in schools essays

censorship in schools essays Imagine for one moment that you are not yourself any longer. Visualize instead that you are a young girl; old enough to know right from wrong yet still young enough to be terrified by the dark shadows in your room. It is a cool autumn night and your parents have opted to attend a party which you are not allowed at. It will be fine, they say. Although you already know what is to come. Your uncle comes over to watch you for the evening, and your parents are so pleased by the fact that they do not have to find a sitter. As soon as he arrives, your mother kisses you on the cheek and scurries out the door to join your father already waiting in the car outside. The nightmare begins. His slimy hands casually slide an ebony cartridge into the VCR as he smiles at you seductively. You can feel his eyes worming their gaze through your clothes every time that he looks at you. You feel dirty and violated every time you think about what he does to you when you are alone. He walks over to the couch and sits down next to you. His hand slithers it way onto your knee and you cringe in revulsion. Dont be afraid, I wont hurt you, he chides. Your mind feels panicky as you feel his touch in more intimate places and you scream involuntarily. His grip tightens as he places his hand over your mouth. Well have to do this the hard way! comes his intense whisper. You flail your arms at him, but it doesnt help. His writhing massive body is on top of yours, and you feel so powerless. Eventually, you sink into a sobbing heap and simply wait for his passions to stop. You wait for the nightmare to end. When he is done, you limp to the laundry room and try fruitlessly to get the blood stains out of your clothes. It is all your fault... Abuse: The violation or defilement of; What you have just experienced is one type of abuse that occurs millions of times every year across America. Estimates of abuse rang...

Description for the map Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Description for the map - Essay Example The next step was deciding on the ratio of water to land to be used for the map (Berger 12). Since it was a small map, I indicated portions of rivers and few ponds using blue color. However, the brown and green colors indicated the land. The other step was considering the kind of features to put on the map. It was a geographical map and, therefore, I included a wide range of features using different colors. You can identify some mountain ranges, green forest, deserts, and valleys on the map at a glance. The final step was thinking about the weather patterns. You can observe that the large part of the map is drawn using brown color while the other one is in green color. The brown color represents the desert areas while the green color represents the rainy areas. You can, therefore, determine the kind of climate and environment found in different areas of the map. Mongolia region is a kind of place that I would like to visit. I got curious and decided to do some research about the region. I found that Mongolia region is located in China as one of the largest Chinese province. It has many ethnic groups but is not very populated. The climate is different, during the year it has long cold winters and short summers. In addition, Mongolia region experience arid climate to the west and semi-humid climate to the east. The annual rainfall increases from west to east (Monmonier 63). My research about Mongolia region created a beautiful image about the region, which I attempted to express using a map. The eastern part of Mongolia region seems to be evergreen since it experiences semi-humid type of climate (Berger 73). Everybody would like to visit such a region and enjoy the beautiful vista of the green environment. The environment seems to attract different kind of animals that enjoy grazing along their beautiful paradise. The map presents a number of rivers in the eastern part of the region. This

Caring for Filipino Patients with Cancer Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Caring for Filipino Patients with Cancer - Essay Example The problem with the American health care practices lies behind the fact that most of the American physicians are practicing paternalistic decision-making and patient autonomy (Schmit, 2005). In line with this, most of the American physicians are not aware that the practice of too much paternalistic decision-making and patient autonomy can lead to Filipino cancer patients’ dissatisfaction with regards to the health care services they receive from the U.S.-based hospitals. The problem with the use of pure American health care system is that the American physicians may sometimes tend to forget about knowing how a Filipino cancer patient would prefer to discuss their treatment and care (Harle et al., 2007; Schmit, 2005). For example: It is possible that most of the Filipino cancer patients would prefer to have at least one of their family members to be present while discussing the patient’s health diagnosis including the recommended treatment or medication that can enable the cancer patient to alleviate pain. Since American physicians are trained to practice patient autonomy and confidentiality, most of Filipino cancer patients are not able to be with their family members at the time the physician would discuss about their diagnosis. By nature, Filipinos are not confrontational. For this reason, nurses should assure the patients that it is good to ask them questions whenever they have doubts about the care and treatment they are receiving from the hospital and health care professionals (Schmit, 2005). For example: In case a cancer patient is given a new medication, nurses should make the patient know that they have the right to know about the name of drug and purpose of the medication given to them by the nurses. In line with this, cancer patients or patients in general will always have the right to refuse to take the medication. Despite the cultural differences between the American nurses and Filipino cancer patients, nurses should always build a

Basketball and football Essay Example for Free

Basketball and football Essay In countries throughout the United States, most people enjoy high scoring sports with a great deal of physical contact. In my opinion, both Basketball and American Football are the two most popular sports here that fall under that category. In which as fans we can all appreciate and participate with our own friends and family members. Furthermore, not only can we watch these games at home, but we can be play them back at as well as a healthy alternative. There are a variety of differences and similarities between these two sports. Basketball and American Football can be broken down into three parts that will enable you to know visualize the major points: players, equipment and game style. First of all, there are noticeable differences between these two sports that hold different qualification for each player. In basketball it is necessary for players to use their lower body quickness in order to run down back and forth the basketball court as quickly as possible. In contrast, football players are required to use their upper body strength so that there able to make and take some hard hits during the game as a method of defense against the other team. Also both of these sports hold different physical qualities that are required in order to play the game efficiently. For example, basketball players who play the center position on average weigh roughly around 265 pounds with the physical stature being strong and a bigger player who can clog up the basket area. While in football, the wide receiver position is held by a player averaging in at 200 pounds. They too are built with a strong physique yet can run down the field rapidly as needed. Secondly, both of these sports have different equipment needs. As we know both basketball and football use different kind of balls. Basketball is played with orange shaped ball, as were in football they use a prolate spheroid shape ball. In addition, they both use completely different shoe gear. Seeing that basketball is played indoor on a wooden floor it requires players to use sneakers that come up a bit higher in order to protect the ankles. The sneakers are also designed differently as they are meant to allow them to have a good bounce in them, since that too is an important factor in basketball. On the other hand, football players use cleats since they play outdoors in the grass. They need have a good and secure grip on the ground beneath them in order for effective and optimum playing. The safety gear that both sports’ wear differ as well, in order to better protect and suit their needs. In both sports, they wear mouth guards. But in American Football, they also use helmets and shoulder pads. Finally, it comes down to the differing style of play. Basketball and football have decidedly different styles of play based on the rules. Basketball is viewed as a non-contact sport, in which by the rules that if any physical contact is made by a player it is a violation, resulting in a personal foul. Conversely, football is well known for its physical contact playing style. Knowingly that every play within the game will consist of some sort of tackling, aggressive play and head on collisions. Also basketball is more of a high scoring game than football. Simply because in basketball teams are given 2 or 3 points (depending where you’re shooting from) each time they make the ball in the basket. In contrast, football teams are only granted 6 points for a touchdown and 3 points for a kicked field goal, much more difficult than basketball because of the physical playing style. In conclusion, although their game styles are completely different, both receive numerous amounts truly dedicated fans. Not only just for the love of the sport, but toward particular teams as well as players in the league and coaches. In addition, their equipment provides protection that benefits each player. This protective gear prevents them from most devastating hits that may otherwise end their career with a nasty injury. Athletic players are seen in the eyes of each fan, whether in the stands or back at home, as role models and encouragement to engage in sports. Let face it, every fan wishes to live the life of an athletic player and be able to play its sport under the spotlight that is viewed by millions.

Defining the Soul in Walt Whitmans Song of Myself Essay -- Song of Mys

Every sentence in Walt Whitman's "Song of Myself" tends to either repeat or contradict. He even says of himself, "I contradict myself" (Lauter, p. 2793). This can make Whitman's poetry a little confusing to some. In his many stanzas, definition of the soul is ambiguous and somewhat contradictory. Whitman says, "Clear and sweet is my soul....and clear and sweet is all that is not my soul" (Lauter, p. 2745). What I believe Whitman is saying here is that his soul and everything else that is not his soul, including the souls of others, is clear and sweet. He goes on to say in the lines following, "Lacks one lacks both..." (Lauter, p. 2745). In other words, a soul cannot be clear if it is not sweet and a soul cannot be sweet if it is not clear. If it does not have one of the qualities, then it cannot have the other. By his words, a soul is not a soul unless it has both qualities: clear and sweet. He says many lines down, "I believe in you my soul....the other I must not abase itself to you, And you must not be abased to the other" (Latuer, p. 2746). Whitman ... Defining the Soul in Walt Whitman's Song of Myself Essay -- Song of Mys Every sentence in Walt Whitman's "Song of Myself" tends to either repeat or contradict. He even says of himself, "I contradict myself" (Lauter, p. 2793). This can make Whitman's poetry a little confusing to some. In his many stanzas, definition of the soul is ambiguous and somewhat contradictory. Whitman says, "Clear and sweet is my soul....and clear and sweet is all that is not my soul" (Lauter, p. 2745). What I believe Whitman is saying here is that his soul and everything else that is not his soul, including the souls of others, is clear and sweet. He goes on to say in the lines following, "Lacks one lacks both..." (Lauter, p. 2745). In other words, a soul cannot be clear if it is not sweet and a soul cannot be sweet if it is not clear. If it does not have one of the qualities, then it cannot have the other. By his words, a soul is not a soul unless it has both qualities: clear and sweet. He says many lines down, "I believe in you my soul....the other I must not abase itself to you, And you must not be abased to the other" (Latuer, p. 2746). Whitman ...

The Blue Sword CHAPTER FIVE

Corlath was on the ground at once, calling orders that sent long-robed figures scurrying in all directions. Harry sat alone on the big bay horse, who stood quite still; to her tired and befuddled gaze there were dozens of tents and hundreds of people. Men came forward from the mouths of tents and out from shadows, to make their bows to their king – to congratulate him on the success of his venture? Harry thought. Was it successful? Some were sent at once on errands, some faded back into the darkness from which they had emerged. The two men who had ridden with the king dismounted also, and stood a little behind him as he looked around his camp. Harry didn't move. She didn't quite believe that they had arrived – and besides, where was it they were? She didn't feel that she had arrived – or didn't want to. She thought wistfully of her despised bed far away in the Residency, and of fat dull busybody Annie. She wished she were home, and she was so tired she wasn't sur e where home was. When Corlath turned back to her she woke up enough to slither down from the horse's tall back before he tried to help her; this time she did no fancy sliding, but turned to face the horse's shoulder, and kept her hands on the saddle till her feet touched the ground. It was a long way down. She was sure it had gotten longer since the last time she dismounted. Fireheart stood as patiently as the fourposter pony as she leaned against him, and she patted him absently, as she might have patted her own horse, and his nose came round to touch her forearm. She sighed, and thought of Jack Dedham, who would give an arm to ride a Hill horse, even once. Perhaps it didn't count if you were riding double with a Hillman. Harry had her back toward Faran and Innath as they led the horses away. Faran said, â€Å"That was a longer ride than I enjoy, at my age,† and Innath replied laughing: â€Å"Indeed, Grandfather, you had to be tied to your saddle with your long white beard.† Faran, who was a grandfather several times over, but looked forward to being a king's Rider for many years yet, and wore his dark-grey beard short, grinned and said: â€Å"Yes, I long for a featherbed and a plump young girl who will admire an elderly warrior for his scars and his stories.† His eyes slid round, and he looked straight at Harry for the first time since Corlath had carried her, a black-wrapped bundle lying so bonelessly quiet in his arms that it was difficult to believe it contained anything human, to the shadow where two men and three horses awaited him. But Harry was frowning at her dirty feet and did not notice. â€Å"The Outlander girl,† Faran said slowly, with the air of an honest man who will be just at any cost. â€Å"I did not know the Outlanders taught their children such pride. She has done herself honor on this ride.† Innath considered. To do yourself honor is high praise from a Hillman; but as he thought of the last two days, he had to agree. He was almost a generation younger than his fellow Rider, however, and had viewed their adventure differently. â€Å"Do you know, I was most worried that she might weep? I can't bear a woman weeping.† Faran chuckled. â€Å"If I had known that, I would have advised our king – strongly – to choose another Rider. Not that it would have mattered much, I think: she would merely have had the sleep laid on her again.† He pulled a tent flap aside, and they and the horses disappeared from Harry's sight. She had recognized the Hill word for â€Å"Outlander,† and wondered dejectedly what Corlath's companions, who had so pointedly ignored her during their journey together, were saying. She wiggled her grubby toes in the sand. She looked up and noticed that she was standing only a few feet from the – what does one call it on a tent? Door implied hinges and a frame – front of the grandest tent of all. It was white, with two wide black stripes across its peak from opposite directions, meeting and crossing at the center, and extending to the ground like black ribbons. A black-and-white banner flew from the crossed center, the tallest point in the camp, as the tent was the biggest. â€Å"Go in,† said Corlath at her side again; â€Å"they will take care of you. I will join you presently.† As she approached, a man held aside the golden silk rectangle that served the great tent for a door. He stood to attention with as much dignity as if she were a welcome guest, and perhaps a queen in her own country. This amused her, with a stray thought that the Hill-king seemed to have his followers well schooled, and she smiled at him as she went inside; and was gratified by the startled look that crossed his face when she managed to catch his eye. At least they aren't all inscrutable, she thought. One of Dedham's subalterns might have looked like that. It was also comforting to have succeeded at last in catching someone's eye. What she did not know was that the honor guard at the door, who stood to attention because he was an honor guard and it would have been beneath him to be less than courteous to anyone who had the king's grace to enter the king's tent, was saying to himself: She walks and smiles at me as if she were a grand lady in her own home, not a prisoner of – of – He stumbled here, since neither he nor anyone else knew exactly why she had been made a prisoner, or an involuntary guest, or whatever it was that she was, except that it was the king's will. And this after a journey that made even old Faran, who was not flesh at all but iron, look a little weary. This was a story he would tell his friends when he was off duty. Inside Harry looked around her with awe. If the camp from the outside was white and grey and dun-colored, as dull but for the black-and-white banner flying from the king's tent as the sand and scrub around it and brightened only by the robes and sashes some of the men wore, inside this tent – she was sure it was Corlath's own – there was a blaze of color. Tapestries hung on the walls, and between them were gold and silver chains, filigree balls and rods, bright enameled medallions – some of them big enough to be shields. Thick soft rugs were scattered on the floor three or four deep, each of them gorgeous enough to lie at the foot of a throne; and over them were scattered dozens of cushions. There were carved and inlaid boxes of scented red wood, and bone-colored wood, and black wood; the largest of these were pushed against the walls. Lanterns hung on short chains from the four carved ribs that crossed the high white ceiling to meet at the center peak, above whi ch the banner flew outside, and below which a slender jointed pillar ran from floor to ceiling. Like pillars stood at each of the four corners of the tent, and four more braced the ribs at their centers; and from each pillar a short arm extended which held in its carven cupped hand another lantern. All were lit, bathing the riot of deep color, shape, and texture in a golden glow which owed nothing to the slowly strengthening morning light outside. She was staring up at the peak of the roof and feeling impressed at the smooth structure of the tent – her own knowledge of tents was limited to stories of the Homelander military variety, which involved ropes and canvas and much swearing, and leaks when it rained – when a slight noise behind her brought her back again to her presence in a Hill camp. She turned around, nervously, but not so nervously as she might have; for there was a graciousness and – well, humanity, perhaps, if she tried to think of a word for it – to the big white-walled room that set her at ease, even against her own better judgment. Four white-robed men had entered the tent. They brought with them, carrying it by handles set round the rim, an enormous silver basin: bath-sized, she thought. It had a broad base and sides that flared gently. The metal was worked in some fashion, but the play of the lantern light over the patterns prevented her from deciding what the designs might be. The men set the great basin down at one end of the tent, and turned to leave, one after the other; and each, as he passed her standing uncertainly near the center, bowed to her. She was made uneasy by the courtesy, and had to stop herself from taking a step or two backward. She stood with her arms at her sides, but her hands, invisible in the long full sleeves of her battered dressing-gown, closed slowly into fists. As the four men passed in front of her on their way out, several more were coming in, with silver urns on their shoulders; and the urns, she found when the carriers emptied them into the silver bath – it had to be a bath – were full of steaming water. No drop was spilled; and each man bowed to her as he left. She wondered how many of them there were engaged in water-carrying; there were never more than a few in the tent at once, yet as soon as one urn was empty the man behind was there to pour from another. It took only a few soft-footed minutes, the only sound that of the water falling into the basin, for it to be full; and the stream of men stopped likewise. She was alone a moment, watching the surface of the water glint as the last ripples grew still; and she saw that some of the design on the bath was simply the presence of hinges, and she laughed. This was a traveling camp, after all. Then four men entered together and ranged themselves in a line – like horse-herders, she thought, presented with an animal whose temper is uncertain – and looked at her; and she looked at them. She rather thought these were the four who had brought the bath in to begin with; but she wasn't sure. What she did notice was something else, something that hadn't quite registered while the steady shuffle of men and urns had gone past: that each of these men had a little white mark that looked like a scar on his forehead, in the center of the brow, above the eyes. She wondered about this; and then she wondered about what looked like towels lying over the shoulders of three of the men; and then the fourth one came toward her with a motion so swift and polite, and somehow unthreatening, that he slipped the Hill cloak off her shoulders and folded it over his arm before she reacted. She spun around then and backed away a step; and was almost certain that the look on this man's face was surprise. He laid the cloak down very gently on a wooden chest, and motioned toward the bath. She was grateful that at least he didn't bow to her again, which probably would have made her leap like a startled rabbit. It wasn't, she thought, that the gesture held any unpleasant servility. But it felt like an indication that she was somehow in command of the situation – or ought to be. The lack of servility was therefore alarming, because these men were too capable of observing that she didn't feel in the least as if she were in command. They looked at one another a moment longer. She thought then incredulously: Surely they're not expecting to give me a bath? – and noticed with the sides of her eyes that the other three men were standing behind the bath now, and one of the towels when unfolded was revealed as a robe, with a braided gold cord at the waist. The man directly in front of her, who had removed her cloak, reached out and laid his hands on the belt of her dressing-gown, and she suddenly found that she was angry. The last two days had been one indignity after another, however politely each had been offered; and to preserve what self-respect she could – and what courage – she had preferred not to think about them too closely. But that she wasn't even to be allowed to bathe without a guard – that she should be expected to submit tamely to the ministrations of four men – men – like a – like a – Her imagination chose to fail her here, far from home, with the terror of the unknown, and of the captured, only barely kept at bay. She threw off the man's polite fingers with as much violence as she could and said furiously: â€Å"No! Thank you, but no.† There are enough of them, for God's sake, to stand me on my head if they want to force the issue, she thought. But I am not going to cooperate. There was a ripple of golden silk at the sound of her voice, and a new shadow appeared in the lantern light. Corlath, who had been hovering just outside to see how his Outlander was going to behave, entered the tent. He spoke two or three words and the men left at once; each bowing, first to her and then to their king. A corner of Harry's mind, which refused to be oppressed by the dreadfulness of the situation, noticed that the bows were of equal depth and duration; and the same mental corner had the impertinence to think this odd. There was another little silence after the four men had left, only this time it was the king she was facing down. But she was too angry to care. If she said anything she would say too much, and she hadn't quite forgotten that she was at the mercy of strangers, so she bit her tongue and glowered. Why was this all happening? The bit of her mind which had commented about the equality of bows presently observed that anger was preferable to fear, so the anger was encouraged to carry on. Evidently Corlath had already had his bath; his black hair was wet, and even his sun-brown skin was a few shades lighter. He was wearing a long golden robe, stiff with elegant stitching, open at the front to show a loose cream-colored garment that fell almost to his sandaled feet. In her own country she would have been inclined to call it a nightshirt under an odd sort of dressing-gown – although nobody ever wore a scarlet cummerbund over one's nightshirt – but it looked very formal here. She mustn't forget to glower or she might feel awed. And then, inevitably, afraid. She recognized the quality of his silence when at last he spoke: the same feeling she had had when she first spoke to him, at the small campsite between the arms of a sand dune, that he chose and arranged his words very carefully. â€Å"Do you not wish to bathe, then? It is a long ride we had.† He was thinking, So I have managed to offend her immediately. It is done differently where she comes from; she can't know and must not be able to guess – but how could she guess? – that in the Hills it is only the men and women of the highest rank that may be waited on by household servants of both sexes. I feared – but for what good? We know nothing of each other's customs, and my household men have only done as they ought: treated the king's Outlander with the greatest honor. Harry in her turn had unbent slightly at the â€Å"we.† It was friendlier than the accusatory â€Å"you† she'd been expecting. She hadn't unbent so far, though, as to prevent herself from saying coldly, â€Å"I am accustomed to bathe alone.† Ah. Yes. I don't suppose I should mire myself with involved explanations at this point? She doesn't look to be in the mood for them. He said, â€Å"These are men of my household. It was to do you †¦ courtesy.† She glanced away and felt her anger begin to ebb; and so she was unprepared when he took a sudden stride forward as she dropped her eyes. He grabbed her chin and forced it up, turning her face to the light and staring down at her as if amazed. Her abrupt reversion to existence as an object to be bundled about, turned this way and that at another's will, made the anger boil up again at once; and her eyes glittered back at him without a trace of fear. He was staring into those eyes, as the light played full across them, and thinking, That's why. I don't understand it, but this must be why – the first step to why. He had just caught a glimpse, a suspicion, when she turned her head, the way the light fell, and he had put his hand out before he thought. Her eyes, under his gaze, shimmered grey to green with bubbles of amber that flickered like lightning in the depths and floated up to break like stars on the surface: bottomless eyes, that a man or beast fool enough to look at long would fall into and drown. He knew – he was one of the very few who need have no fear – that she did not know. She met his eyes too clearly: there was nothing in her eyes but simple and forthright fury – and he couldn't blame her for that. He wondered if she'd learned by accident not to focus her anger, or whether people she hated had a habit of falling downstairs or choking on fishbones – or if perhaps she had never hated . One doesn't generally look into mirrors when one is especially angry; one has better things to do, like pace the floor, or throw things. Perhaps no one had ever noticed, or been in a position to notice. And the thought came to him vaguely, for no particular reason, that she couldn't ever have been in love. If she had ever turned the full intensity of her kelar-brilliant eyes on any average mortal, they would both have had a shock; and she would never again have had the innocence to meet anyone's eyes as she now met his. He dropped his hand from her chin and turned away. He looked a little ashamed, she thought; and he said, â€Å"Forgive me,† as if he meant it. But he looked more thoughtful than anything else, and, she realized with surprise, relieved, as if he had made – or had made for him – some important decision. What can be wrong with my face? she thought. Has my nose turned green? It has always been crooked, but it never astonished anybody before. He offered her no explanation for his behavior, but after a moment's silence he said, â€Å"You will have your bath alone, as you wish,† glanced at her again as if to be sure she was real, and left her. She wrapped her arms around herself and shivered; and then thought, Very well, I do want a bath, the water's cooling off, and how long is a bath expected to take before someone else comes trotting in? She took the fastest bath of her life, and was bright red with scrubbing but quite clean when she tumbled out again, dried off, and slithered into the white robe left for her. The sleeves came to her elbows, and the hem nearly to her ankles. There were long loose trousers to go underneath, but so full as to seem almost a skirt, and they rippled and clung as she moved. The clothing all was made from something adequately opaque, but when she had tied the golden rope around her middle she still felt rather embarrassingly unclad; Homelander garb for its women involved many more layers. She looked at her dusty dressing-gown, but was reluctant to put it back on; and she was still hesitating over this as she dried her hair on the second towel and tried to part the tangle with her fingers, when Corlath returned, carrying a dark red robe very much like his golden one – and a comb. The handle of it was wide and awkward in her hand, but it had familiar teeth, and that was all that counte d. While she watched through her wet hair, the bath was half-emptied as it had been filled, and the rest carried out still in the silver basin. The four men at its handles walked so smoothly the water never offered to slop up the sides. Then there was a pause and one of the men of the household – or so she supposed the forehead mark indicated – entered carrying a mirror in a leather frame and knelt before her on one knee, propped the mirror on the other, and tipped it back till she could see her face in it. She looked down, bemused – the man's eyes were on the floor. Did household servants of the Hills all take lessons in tipping mirrors to just the right angle, relative to the height and posture of the person to be served? Perhaps it was a specialty, known only to a few; and those few, of course, would be preserved for the royal household. She parted her hair gravely and shook it back over her shoulders, where it fell heavily past her hips. The deep red of her robe was very handsome; the shadows it cast were as velvety as rose petals. â€Å"Thank you,† she said in Hill-speech, hoping that she remembered the right phrase; and the man stood up, bowed again, and went away. Meanwhile a long table was being erected under the peak of the tent, next to the central pillar. It consisted of many square sections, with a leg at each corner of each square, set next to each other in a long single row; she wondered how they managed to stand so level on the whimsical layers of carpet. Corlath was pacing up and down the end of the tent opposite her, head bent and hands behind him. Plates were arranged on the table – each setting, she saw, was given a plate, one of the curious flat-bowled spoons, two bowls of different sizes, and a tall mug. The table was very low, and there were no chairs; some of the cushions scattered all over the tent were gathered up and heaped around it. Then large bowls of bread and fruit and – she thought – cheese were brought in, and the lamp that hung from the wooden rib over the table was lowered till it hung only a few feet from the plentiful food. It was just a little above her eye level as she stood watching. The la nterns that hung from the ceiling beams were suspended on fine chains which were attached to slender ropes looped around a row of what looked very much like belaying-pins on a ship lined up against one wall. Corlath had stopped pacing, and his eyes followed the lowering of the lamp; but the expression on his face said that his thoughts were elsewhere. Harry watched him covertly, ready to look away if he should remember her; and as the lamp was fixed in its new position she saw him return to himself with a snap. He walked a few steps forward to stand at one end of the long table; then he looked around for her. She was not in a good position for judging such things, but she felt that he recalled her existence to his mind with something of an effort, as a man will recall an unpleasant duty. She let him catch her eye, and he gestured that she should take her place at his left hand. At that moment the golden silk door was lifted again, and another group of men filed in. She recognized two of them: they were the men who had ridden with Corlath to assist at her †¦ removal. She was a little surprised that she should recognize them so easily, since what she had mostly seen of them was the backs of their heads when they averted their faces, or the tops of their heads or hoods when they stared at the ground. But recognize them she did, and felt no fear about staring at them full-face now, for they showed no more inclination than they ever had for looking back at her. There were eighteen men all told, plus Corlath and herself; and she was sure she could have recognized them as a group, as belonging together and bound together by ties as strong as blood or friendship, even if they had been scattered in a crowd of several hundred. They had an awareness of each other so complete as to be instinctive. She knew something of the working of this sort of camaraderie from watching Dedham and some of his men; but here, with this group of strangers, she could read it as easily as if it were printed on a page before her; and their silence – for none bothered with the kind of greeting Harry was accustomed to, any Hill version of hello and how are you – made it only more plain to her. Rather than finding their unity frightening, and herself all alone and outside, she found it comforting that her presence should so little disturb them. That instinctive awareness seemed to wrap around her too, and accept her: an outsider, an Outlander and a woman, a nd yet here she was and that was that. She sat when everyone else sat, and as bowls and plates were passed she found that hers were filled and returned to her without her having to do anything but accept what was given her. Knives appeared, from up sleeves and under sashes and down boot tops, and Corlath produced an extra one from somewhere and gave it to her. She felt the edge delicately with one finger, and found it very keen; and was faintly flattered that the prisoner should be allowed so sharp an instrument. No doubt because any one of these men could take it away from me at my first sign of rebellion, without even interrupting their chewing, she thought. She began to peel the yellow-skinned fruit on her plate, as the man opposite her was doing. It seemed years since she had faced Sir Charles across the breakfast table. She didn't notice when the conversation began; it proceeded too easily to have had anything so abrupt as a beginning, and she was preoccupied with how to manage her food. From the tone of their voices, these men were reporting to their king, and the substance of the reports was discussed as a matter of importance all around the table. She understood no word of it, for â€Å"yes† and â€Å"no† and â€Å"please† and â€Å"good† are almost impossible to pick out when talk is in full spate, but it was a language she found pleasant to listen to, with a variety of sounds and syllables that she thought would well lend themselves to any mood or mode of expression. Her mind began to wander after a little time. She was exhausted after the long ride, but the tension of her position – I will not say that I am utterly terrified – served admirably to keep her awake and uneasily conscious of all that went on around her. She wondered if any of these men would give it away by look or gesture if the conversation turned to the Outlander in their midst. But after a bath, and clean clothes, even these odd ones, and good food, for the food was very good, and even the company, for their companionship seemed to hold her up like something tangible, her mind insisted on relaxing. But that relaxation was a mixed blessing at best, because as the tension eased even a little, her thoughts unerringly reverted to trying to puzzle out why she was where she found herself. Something to do with that abortive meeting at the Residency, between the Hillfolk and the Outlanders, presumably. But why? Why me? If I could be stolen from my bed – or my window-seat – then they could steal somebody from some other bed – and Sir Charles seems a lot more likely as a political figure. She repressed a grin. Though a very unlikely figure for riding across a saddlebow. There had to be a better reason than that of physical bulk for the choice of herself over †¦ whoever else was available. She had been spirited out of her own house, with the doors locked and the dogs out, and Sir Charles and Lady Amelia asleep only a few steps away. It was as if Corlath – or his minions – could walk through walls: and if they could walk through the Residency walls and over the Residency dogs, probably they could walk through any other walls – at least Homelander walls – that they chose. It was uncanny. She remembered that Dedham, whose judgment she trusted above all others' at the station, and who knew more than any other Homelander about his adopted country, believed in the uncanniness of certain of the Hillfolk's tactics. Which brought her back to square one of this game: Why her? Why Harry Crewe, the Residency's charity case, who had only been in this country at all for a few months? There was one obvious answer, but she discarded it as soon as it arose. It was too silly, and she was convinced that, whatever failings Corlath and his men might be capable of, silliness wasn't one of them. And Corlath didn't look at her the way a man looks at a woman he plans to have share his bed – and his interest would have to be very powerful indeed for him to have gone to so much trouble to steal her. He looked at her rather as a man looks at a problem that he would very much prefer to do without. She supposed it was distinction of a sort to be a harassment to a king. She also swiftly, almost instinctively, discarded the idea that her Homelanders would mount any successful expedition to find her and bring her home again. The Hillfolk knew their desert; the Homelanders did not. And the Residency charity case would not warrant extraordinary efforts. She thought wryly: If Jack guesses where I am, he'll think I don't need rescuing †¦ but poor Dick; he'll manage to convince himself that it's his fault, he brought me out here in the first place †¦ She blinked hastily, and bit her lips. Her crossed legs were asleep, and the small of her back hurt. She was accustomed to sitting in chairs. She began surreptitiously to thump her thighs with her fists till they began to tingle painfully to life again; then she began on her calves. By the time she could feel when she wiggled her toes, the hot stiff feeling around her eyes had ebbed and she could stop blinking. The men of the household entered the royal tent again, and cleared the table. The bread and fruit were replaced by bowls of something dark and slightly shiny. When she was offered a bit of it she discovered it to be sticky and crunchy and very sweet, and by the time she had eaten most of her generous serving, and what remained was adhering to her face and fingers, she noticed that a bowl of water and a fresh napkin had been placed at each person's elbow. There was a momentary lull while everyone sighed and stretched; and Corlath said a few words to the men of the household, which caused one of them to leave the tent and the other three still present to go around the walls extinguishing the lanterns, all except the one lamp that hung low over the table. The heavy woven walls shone in the daylight so the inside was palely lit; and the lamp over the table burned like a small sun, casting half-shadows in the quiet corners of the glowing white walls and in the hollows of eyes. None spoke. Then the man returned, carrying a dark leather bag bound with brass in the shape of a drinking-horn. A thong hung from its neck and base, and this the man had looped over his shoulder. He offered it first to Corlath, who gestured to the man at his right. The man of the household handed it gravely to him, bowed, and left; there were none in the tent now but those twenty who sat round the table. The first man drank – one swallow; she could see him letting it slide slowly down his throat. He balanced the bag on the table and stared at the burning lamp. After a moment an expression passed over his face that was so clear Harry felt she should recognize it immediately; but she did not. She was shaken both by its strength and by her own failure to read it; and then it was gone. The man looked down, smiled, shook his head, said a few words, and passed the horn to the man sitting on his right. Each man took one mouthful, swallowed it slowly, and stared at the lamp. Some of them spoke and some did not. One man, with skin sunburned as dark as cinnamon but for a pale scar on his jaw, spoke for a minute or two, and words of surprise broke from several of his audience. They all looked to Corlath, but he sat silent and inscrutable, chin in hand; and so the drinking-horn was passed on to the next. One man Harry remembered in particular: he was shorter than most of the company, while his shoulders were very broad and his hands large. His hair was grizzled and his expression grim; his face was heavily lined, but whether with age or experience or both she could not guess. He sat near the foot of the table on the side opposite her. He drank, stared at the light, spoke no word, and passed the horn to the man on his right. All the others, even the ones who said nothing, showed something in their faces – something, Harry thought, that was transparent to any who had eyes to see beyond – some strong sensation, whether of sight or feeling – she could not even guess this much. But this man remained impassive, as opaque as skin and blood and bone can be. One could see his eyes move, and his chest heave as he breathed; there was no clue for further speculation. She wondered what his name was, and if he ever smiled. As the leather bag rounded the bottom of the table and started up the other side, and Harry could no longer see the faces of the drinkers, she dropped her eyes to her hands and complimented herself on how quietly they lay, the fingers easy, not gripping each other or whitening their knuckles around her mug. The mug was still half full of a pale liquid, slightly honey-sweet but without (she thought she could by now conclude) the dangers of the gentle-tasting mead it reminded her of. She moved one finger experimentally, tapped it against the mug, moved it back, rearranged her hands as a lady might her knitting, and waited. She was aware when the drinking-horn reached the man on her left, and was aware of the slight shudder that ran through him just before he spoke; but she kept her eyes down and waited for Corlath to reach across her and take the waiting horn. This was not something an Outlander would be expected to join in – and just as well. Whatever the stuff was, watching the men's faces when they drank made her feel a little shaky. And so she was much surprised when one of Corlath's hands entered her range of vision and touched the back of one of her hands with the forefinger. She looked up. â€Å"Take a sip,† he said. She reached out stiffly and took the brass-bound bag from the man who held it, keeping her eyes only on the bag itself. It was warm from all the hands that had held it, and up close she could see the complexity of the twisted brass fittings. It carried a slight odor with it: faintly pungent, obscurely encouraging. She took a deep breath. â€Å"Only a sip,† said Corlath's voice. The weight of the thing kept her hands from trembling. She tipped her head back and took the tiniest of tastes: a few drops only. She swallowed. It was curious, the vividness of the flavor, but nothing she could put a name to †¦ She saw a broad plain, green and yellow and brown with tall grasses, and mountains at the edge of it, casting long shadows. The mountains started up abruptly, like trees, from the flatness of the plain; they looked steep and severe and, with sun behind them, they were almost black. Directly in front of her there was a small gap in those mountains, little more than a brief pause in the march of the mountains' sharp crests, and it was high above the floor of the plain. Up the side of the mountain, already near the summit, was a bright moving ribbon. Horsemen, no more than forty of them, riding as quickly as they could over the rough stony track, the horses with their heads low and thrown forward, watching their feet, swinging with their strides, the riders straining to look ahead, as though fearing they might come too late. Behind the riders were men on foot, bows slung slantwise over their backs, crossed by quivers of arrows; there were perhaps fifty of them, and they followed the horses, with strides as long as theirs. Beside them were long brown moving glints, supple as water, that slid from light to shade too quickly to be identified; four-footed, they looked to be; dogs perhaps. The sunlight bounced off sword hilts, and the metal bindings of leather arms and harness, and shields of many shapes, and the silver strings of bows. The far sides of the mountains were less steep, but no less forbidding. Broken foothills extended a long way, into the hazy distance; a little parched grass or a few stunted trees grew where they could. Below the gap in the mountains by any other path but through the valley would be impossible, at least for horses. The gap was one that a small determined force would be able to defend – for a time. The bright ribbon of horsemen and archers collected in the small flat space behind the gap, and became a pool. Here there was a little irregular plateau, with shallow crevasses, wide enough for small campsites, leading into the rocky shoulders on either side, and with a long low overhanging shelf to one side that was almost a cave. The plateau narrowed to a gap barely the width of two horsemen abreast, where the mountain peaks crowded close together, just before it spilled into the scrub-covered valley, and the rock-strewn descending slopes beyond. The horsemen paused and some dismounted; some rode to the edge and looked out. At the far edge of the foothills something glittered, too dark for grass, too sharply peaked for water. When it spilled into the foothills it became apparent for what it was: an army. This army rode less swiftly than had the small band now arranging themselves in and around the pass, but their urgency was less. The sheer numbers of them were all the tactics they needed. But the little army waiting for them organized itself as seriously as if it had a chance of succeeding in what it set out to do; and perhaps some delay of the immense force opposing it was all that it required. The dust beyond the foothills winked and flashed as rank after rank approached the mountains †¦ †¦ and then time began to turn and dip crazily, and she saw the leader of the little force plunging down into the valley with a company behind him, and he drew a sword that flashed blue in his hand. His horse was a tall chestnut, fair as daylight, and his men swept down the hill behind him. She could not see the archers, but she saw a hail of arrows like rain sweeping from the low trees on either side of the gap. The first company of the other army leaped eagerly toward them, and a man on a white horse as tall as the chestnut and with red ribbons twisted into its long tail met the blue sword with one that gleamed gold †¦ †¦ and Harry found herself back in the tent, her throat hoarse as if from shouting: standing up, with a pair of strong hands clamped on her shoulders; and she realized that without their support she would sag to her knees. The fierce shining of the swords was still in her eyes. She blinked and shook her head, and realized she was staring at the lamp; so she turned her head and looked up at Corlath, who was looking down at her with something – she noticed with a shock – like pity in his face. She could think of nothing to say; she shook her head again, as if to shake out of it all she had just seen; but it stayed where it was. There was a silence, of a moment, or perhaps of half a year. She breathed once or twice; the air felt unnaturally harsh on her dry throat. She began to feel the pile of carpets pressing against her feet, and Corlath's hands slackened their grip. They stood, the two of them, king and captive, facing one another, and all the men at the table looked on. â€Å"I am sorry,† Corlath said at last. â€Å"I did not think it would take you with such strength.† She swallowed with some difficulty: the lovely wild flavor of the mad drink she had just tasted lingered in the corners of her mouth, and in the corners of her mind. â€Å"What is it?† Corlath made some slight gesture – of denigration or of ignorance. â€Å"The drink – we call it Meeldtar – Seeing Water, or Water of Sight.† â€Å"Then – all that I saw – I really saw it. I didn't imagine it.† â€Å"Imagine it? Do you mean did you see what was true? I do not know. One learns, eventually, usually to know, to be able to say if the seeings are to be believed or are †¦ imagined. But imagined as you mean it – no. The Water sends these things, or brings them.† There was a pause again, but nobody relaxed, least of all herself. There was more to it than this, than a simple – simple? – hallucination. She looked at Corlath, frowning. â€Å"What else?† she said, as calmly as if she were asking her doom. Corlath said, â€Å"There is something else,† as if he were putting it off. He hesitated, and then spoke a few words in a language she did not recognize. It wasn't the usual Darian she heard the natives around the Residency speak, or the slightly more careful tongue that Dedham and Mr. Peterson used; nor did it sound like the differently accented tongue the Hillfolk spoke, which was still recognizable to those who were fluent in Darian. This was a rougher, more powerful language to listen to, although many of the sounds – strange to her Homelander ears – were common with the Darian she was accustomed to. She looked at Corlath, puzzled, as he spoke a little further. She knew nothing of this language. â€Å"It is not familiar to you?† Corlath said at last; and when she shook her head, he said, â€Å"No, of course not, how could it be?† He turned around. â€Å"We might sit down again,† and sat down with great deliberateness. She sat down too, waiting. The look she had seen before on his face, that of a man facing a problem he would far rather avoid, had returned, but it had changed. Now his look said that he understood what the problem was, and it was much more serious than he had suspected. â€Å"There are two things,† he said. â€Å"The Water of Sight does not work so on everyone. Most people it merely makes ill. To a few it gives headaches; headaches accompanied by strange colors and queer movements that make them dizzy. There are very few who see clearly – we nineteen, here tonight, all of us have drunk the Water of Sight many times. But even for us, most of us see only a brief abrupt picture – sometimes the scene lasts so little time it is hard to recognize. Often it is of something familiar: one's father, one's wife, one's horse. There is a quality to these pictures, or memories, that is like nothing else, like no voluntary memory you might call up yourself. But often that is all. â€Å"Occasionally one of the people of our Hills sees more. I am one. You have just proven yourself another. I do not know why you saw what you did. You told us something of what you saw as you were seeing it. You may have seen a battle of the past – or one that never happened – or one that may yet happen; it may occur in Damar, or – in some other country.† She heard may yet happen as if those three words were the doom she had asked for; and she remembered the angry brilliance of the yellow-eyed Hill-king as he stood before the Residency far away. â€Å"But – † she said, troubled, hardly realizing she spoke aloud – â€Å"I am not even of your Hills. I was born and bred far away – at Home. I have been here only a few months. I know nothing of this place.† â€Å"Nothing?† said Corlath. â€Å"I said there were two things. I have told you the first. You told us what you saw as you saw it. But this is the second thing: you spoke in the Old Tongue, what we call the Language of the Gods, that none knows any more but kings and sorcerers, and those they wish to teach it to. The language I just spoke to you, that you did not recognize – I was repeating the words you had said yourself, a moment before.†